Unlike Satan the devil, the Bible clearly informs us that Jesus Christ could read the minds of others.
And immediately some of the scribes said within themselves, "This man blasphemes." But Jesus, perceiving their thoughts, said, "Why are you thinking evil in your hearts (minds)?" (Matthew 9:4, HBFV).
Now as they (two men from Emmaus) were telling these things (to the apostles), Jesus Himself stood in their midst and said to them, "Peace be to you."
But they were terrified and filled with fear, thinking that they beheld a spirit apparition. Then He said to them, "Why are you troubled? And why do doubts come up in your hearts (minds)?" (Luke 24:38, HBFV, see also Matthew 12:25 and Luke 5:22, 6:8, 11:17).
The word of God also reads and judges our thoughts and attitudes. Everything we think can be clearly seen by him. In the book of Hebrews, the apostle Paul states that God's spirit can find out all of the thoughts and desires in our hearts. Absolutely nothing is hidden from the Great God that he desires to know!
For the Word of God is living and powerful, and sharper than any twoedged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of both soul and spirit, and of both the joints and the marrow, and is able to discern the thoughts and intents of the heart (Hebres 4:12, HBFV).
The devil has not been given the power to read our minds. He does know, however, as a constant observer of humanity since Adam and Eve, what generally motivates us. He knows how humans think in general because he thinks the same way and is motivated by the same lusts! The devil knows the weaknesses of human beings and therefore knows how to tempt us.
Power of Perception
Jesus, toward the end of his ministry, began to openly tell the disciples that he would suffer and die in Jerusalem at the hands of Jewish religious leaders. One day Peter decided to rebuke his Master over the idea that he had to die for our sins. Jesus' correction of Peter gives us another clue as to why the devil seems to know what we are thinking.
Jesus corrected Peter by stating, "Get away from me, Satan! You are an obstacle in my way, because these thoughts of yours don't come from God, but from human nature" (Matthew 16:23). The devil seems to know our thoughts because human nature, apart from God's spirit, can easily think and reason like he does!
Conclusion
The devil does not know our innermost thoughts or can read our minds otherwise he would not have wasted his energy trying to tempt Job (Job 1:6 - 12). He would not have also tried to tempt Jesus when he was a flesh and blood human (Matthew 4:1 - 11).
The devil certainly does have the power, however, to deceive those who do not follow God. As god of this world, he has deceived the masses regarding the truth, God's REAL plan of salvation and mankind's great and wonderful destiny.
Jesus, when He died for our sins and began to establish his kingdom, put Satan under his power and authority. The devil no longer has power over us. Through God we can be assured that he cannot read our minds.